With the rise of multi-drug resistant bacterial pathogens, the possibility of a post-antibiotic world is quickly becoming reality.

This thesis describes the structural and biochemical characterization of the β-lactamase BlaC from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), and the Alr and YlmE proteins from Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2).Mtb is the main cause of tuberculosis.

Streptomyces are multicellular, Gram-positive bacteria in the phylum of actinobacteria which produce a high amount of bioactive natural products of which the expression is tightly coordinated with the life cycle.

Antibiotic resistance, caused by widespread use of antibiotics, leads to bacterial infections that are difficult, if not impossible, to treat and is a major worldwide health concern.

The soil-dwelling, filamentous bacteria of the genus Streptomyces are renowned for their production of useful secondary metabolites including antibiotics. The work described in this thesis provides new insights on the role and regulation of antibiotic production and resistance in these bacteria.

Sepsis is a life-threatening condition caused by a dysregulated host response to infection, it is associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and with a high financial burden on global healthcare systems. Bacterial infections are the primary cause of sepsis, but the growing prevalence of antimicrobial…

The bacterial cell wall is a nearly universal structure that offers protection and gives the cell its shape. However, environmental stressors, such as cell wall-targeting antibiotics and hyperosmotic conditions, can induce bacteria to shift to a wall-deficient state. It is unknown whether the lack of…

As a non-invasive genetic method, eDNA based approaches have become an important component of ecologists' and environmental managers' toolkits for biomonitoring in conservation and an increasingly important source of ecological knowledge.

Explaining treatment response variability between and within patients can support treatment and dosing optimization, to improve treatment of individual patients.

Wereldwijd overlijdt een groeiend aantal mensen aan infecties omdat steeds meer bacteriën resistent worden tegen antibiotica. Nieuwe soorten zijn dringend nodig. Een veelbelovende resistentie-remmer wordt nu ontwikkeld door de onderzoeksgroep van Nathaniel Martin, hoogleraar Biologische chemie. Oratie…

Wanneer een bacterie resistenter wordt voor het ene antibioticum, wordt het soms gevoeliger voor een ander. Om deze wisselwerking beter te begrijpen, brachten onderzoekers van het Instituut Biologie Leiden (IBL) en het Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR) onder leiding van Daniel Rozen en…